The Russians can circumvent the sanctions thanks to cooperation with Chinese commercial and central banks. The Middle Kingdom is perhaps the only big player who can help Russia. So far, China is the only large country that has not condemned Russian aggression against Ukraine. However, Xi Jinping’s government is reluctant to help avoid sanctions because it does not want to risk losing its access to US and EU markets, according to the Associated Press.

A senior US administration official said trying to help circumvent the sanctions would do “great damage” to China’s reputation. – Recent indications are that the Chinese are not helping the Russians. According to him, domestic banks have ceased to provide letters of credit (a kind of risk that reduces payment) for the purchase of raw materials (in physical form) from Russia. I took it as a positive sign.